Public Domain
Panorama of Ocean Beach and Cliff House
1903 · American Mutoscope and Biograph Company
Confidence
100
— Legal Reasoning —
Why this status applies
This short documentary film was produced by the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company and filmed by G.W. Bitzer around May 1903. In the United States, all works published before January 1, 1928, have entered the public domain regardless of their original copyright registration or renewal status.
As a film from 1903, it falls well within the '1923/1928 rule' (updated by the Music Modernization Act and the expiration of the 95-year term). This specific film is preserved in the Library of Congress Paper Print Collection and is widely recognized as a public domain historical record of the San Francisco coastline prior to the 1906 earthquake.
— Cited Sources —
Supporting facts
- Library of Congress (Catalog of Copyright Entries, July 1903, H33538)
- IMDb: Panorama of Ocean Beach and Cliff House (1903)
- AFI Catalog of Feature Films (Early Cinema indices)
- U.S. Copyright Office Circular 15a: Duration of Copyright
Research summary based on cited sources, not legal advice. Always consult a qualified copyright attorney before commercial use.